Thyroid: Symptoms, effects and treatment

The thyroid and its role in our body

Ο thyroid is a gland located in the front of the neck and has butterfly shape. It is part of it endocrine system, which consists of a series of glands that produce hormones and control various body functions. The thyroid gland produces two main hormones, the triiodothyronine and the triiodothyronine, which affect our metabolism.
Thyroid hormones are responsible for controlling it metabolism which is the process of burning energy from the food we consume. he metabolism it affects energy production, body temperature, heart function, psychology, growth and reproduction.
Moreover, the thyroid plays an important role in regulating the energy required to operate the nervous system us. Thyroid hormones work with other hormones to control the growth and function of our brain, muscles and bones.

Symptoms of thyroid dysfunction

When the thyroid not working properly, it can cause various symptoms and health problems. It is important to recognize these symptoms and seek medical help to diagnose and treat thyroid dysfunction.

Hypothyroidism:

Ο hypothyroidism is a situation where the thyroid produces less hormones than the body needs. This can be due to various causes, such as autoimmune disorders, hormonal imbalances or poor diet. Hypothyroidism can cause the following symptoms:

Weight gain: The patients with hypothyroidism they may notice weight gain even though they have not changed their eating habits. The reduced production of hormones by thyroid it slows down the metabolism and can lead to weight gain.
Fatigue and weakness: The patients with hypothyroidism they may feel constantly tired and fatigued, even after they have rested or slept for a long time. A lack of hormones affects energy production and can lead to weakness and fatigue.
Psychological changes: THE hypothyroidism it can affect the psychology of patients, causing depression, loss of interest and isolation. Patients may feel depressed, apathetic and disconnected from the world around them.

Hyperthyroidism:

Ο hyperthyroidism is a situation where the thyroid it produces more hormones than the body needs. This can be due to autoimmune disorders, overactive thyroid or hormonal imbalances. Hyperthyroidism can cause the following symptoms:

Weight loss: The patients with hyperthyroidism they may notice weight loss even though they haven't changed their eating habits. Overactivity of the thyroid leads to an acceleration of the metabolism and an increase in the burning of energy.
Nervousness and worry: The patients with hyperthyroidism they may feel nervous, anxious and find it difficult to relax. An overactive thyroid affects the nervous system and can lead to increased anxiety.
Tachycardia: The patients with hyperthyroidism they may notice increased heart rate, even when they are at rest. Overproduction of thyroid hormones affects the heart's function and can lead to tachycardia.

It is important to note that thyroid disorders can cause other symptoms and health problems, so it is important to consult a special to diagnose and treat the condition.

Effects of thyroid dysfunction on our health:

Complications in cardiovascular health: The disorders of thyroid can affect our cardiovascular health. THE hypothyroidism can lead to reduced heart function, a slower heart rate, and an increased risk of heart disease. On the contrary, the hyperthyroidism can cause tachycardia, an increased heart rate, and an increased risk for arrhythmias and heart problems.
Effects on the nervous system: THE thyroid affects our nervous system and can have effects on psychology, our anxiety and psychosocial functioning. THE hypothyroidism can cause depression, fatigue, inability to concentrate and mental sluggishness. On the other hand, Mr hyperthyroidism can cause restlessness, anxiety, nervousness and inability to sleep.
Effects on reproduction: THE thyroid also affects her reproductive health us. Thyroid disorders can affect ovulation and lead to infertility or miscarriages. Women who have difficulty conceiving without a family history of infertility or miscarry in the early stages of pregnancy may be screened for possible thyroid disorders.

Treating Thyroid Dysfunction:

Η addressing of its dysfunction thyroid it depends on the type and severity of the disorder. The most common treatment methods include drug therapy, surgery, and radiation therapy. Let's see more details for each case:

Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid):

Pharmaceutical treatment: Medicines are used that reduce the excessive production of thyroid hormones, such as thiocarbamides and methimazoles.
Surgery: In some cases, such as large hyperthyroidism or the presence of tumors, it may be necessary to remove part or all of the thyroid.

Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid):

Pharmaceutical treatment: Medicines containing thyroid hormones, such as levothyroxine, are commonly used to regulate the levels of thyroid hormones in the body.
Nutrition management: Certain dietary changes, such as increasing consumption of iodine-rich foods (such as seaweed), may help support thyroid function.

It is important to note that proper thyroid management and continued monitoring by doctor it is vital to maintaining your health. Work with your doctor to tailor your treatment plan to your individual needs.